Myelomeningocele (spina bifida): treatment
Reviewed on July 17, 2026
Receiving a diagnosis of myelomeningocele, often still during pregnancy, brings many questions and emotions. We want you to know there is a well-defined care pathway and a multidisciplinary team ready to support every stage. This article explains what this condition is, what treatments are possible, and how decisions are made together with the family, always respecting each child's particularities.
What myelomeningocele is
Myelomeningocele is the most severe form of spina bifida, a group of malformations in which the spine and spinal cord do not fully close during the baby's development. In it, part of the spinal cord and its membranes is exposed in a sac on the back.
This can affect movement and sensation in the legs, bladder and bowel control, and is often associated with hydrocephalus. The degree of impact depends on the level and extent of the lesion.
Diagnosis and planning
The diagnosis is often made before birth through ultrasounds and, in some cases, fetal MRI and additional tests. This allows the delivery and care to be planned in advance at a prepared center.
Care involves a multidisciplinary team — neurosurgery, urology, orthopedics, physical therapy, and other areas — because the condition affects different body systems and requires integrated care throughout growth.
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Request a second opinionTreatment options
Surgical closure of the lesion is essential to protect the spinal cord and reduce the risk of infection. It is traditionally done soon after birth, but in selected cases fetal surgery, performed during pregnancy, may offer benefits in specific situations.
Beyond closure, care includes managing hydrocephalus when present and ongoing follow-up of bladder, bowel, and mobility. The choice between fetal and postnatal surgery is complex and individual, weighing risks and benefits for both mother and baby.
Why a second opinion helps
Decisions in myelomeningocele — especially the choice between fetal and postnatal surgery — involve risks, benefits, and criteria that vary from case to case. It is natural for parents to want to fully understand all the alternatives before deciding.
An independent second opinion helps review the exams, confirm eligibility for different approaches, and clarify realistic expectations. This supports the family in making informed decisions at such a delicate time.
Frequently asked questions
Is fetal surgery always possible?
No. Fetal surgery has specific eligibility criteria and involves risks for both mother and baby. In many cases, closure after birth is the recommended option. The choice depends on a detailed, individual assessment.
Will a child with myelomeningocele walk?
It depends greatly on the level of the lesion and the follow-up. Some children walk with or without support, others use a wheelchair. Physical therapy and multidisciplinary care help each child reach their maximum potential.
How do I get a second opinion about myelomeningocele?
On Revidra you upload the imaging exams, reports, and clinical summary through the platform and receive a written, structured opinion from an independent specialist, helping to clarify treatment options and planning.
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Request a second opinionEducational content, for informational purposes. It does not replace consultation, diagnosis or treatment with a physician, nor does it constitute a teleconsultation or emergency care.