Immunotherapy and targeted therapy: the new treatments
Reviewed on July 17, 2026
In recent years, oncology has advanced greatly with treatments that act more precisely against cancer. Immunotherapy and targeted therapy have brought new hope to many patients, but they also raise plenty of questions. Understanding the basics of how they work and when they are indicated can help you talk with your team and better grasp the possibilities in your case.
How targeted therapy works
Targeted therapy acts on specific features of tumor cells, such as certain proteins or mutations that help the cancer grow. By aiming at these targets, the goal is to hit the tumor while sparing more of the healthy cells.
To know whether it is an option, the tumor usually needs to be tested for the specific alteration that a given medicine can block.
How immunotherapy works
Immunotherapy does not attack the tumor directly; it stimulates or releases the person's own immune system to recognize and fight cancer cells. Some tumors manage to hide from the defense system, and certain medicines help undo that disguise.
Not all cancers respond the same way, so specific tests help estimate who is more likely to benefit from this type of treatment.
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Request a second opinionWhat to expect from these treatments
These treatments tend to have a different side-effect profile from traditional chemotherapy. Immunotherapy, for example, can cause reactions related to activation of the immune system, which require attention and careful follow-up.
Because these are rapidly evolving areas, the indications change often as new studies emerge. That is why follow-up with an up-to-date team is especially important.
Why a second opinion helps
Knowing whether immunotherapy or targeted therapy suits your case depends on specific tests and up-to-date knowledge. Seeking a second opinion is common and encouraged, especially with such new treatments.
An independent specialist can review your exams and reports, confirm the diagnosis and staging and comment on whether these options make sense in your context, helping you decide with greater confidence.
Frequently asked questions
Does immunotherapy work for any type of cancer?
No. Immunotherapy is indicated in specific situations that depend on the cancer type and on tumor features identified through tests. For many cases, other approaches remain the most appropriate.
Do I need a test to know whether I can use targeted therapy?
Generally, yes. Targeted therapy usually requires looking for a specific alteration in the tumor through molecular tests. It is that result that indicates whether the medicine has a chance of working.
How do I submit my case for a second opinion?
On Revidra, you upload your exams, reports and records through the platform and receive a written, structured opinion from an independent specialist who assesses whether these therapies apply to your case.
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Request a second opinionEducational content, for informational purposes. It does not replace consultation, diagnosis or treatment with a physician, nor does it constitute a teleconsultation or emergency care.