Prostate cancer: surgery, radiotherapy or active surveillance
Reviewed on July 17, 2026
Receiving a prostate cancer diagnosis often brings fear and many questions, but it helps to know that in most cases this is a slow-growing tumor with several effective treatment options. Many men live for years with a good quality of life, and the decision about the best path can be made calmly. This article explains, in general and educational terms, the main alternatives, keeping in mind that every case is unique and deserves an individual, multidisciplinary evaluation.
How prostate cancer is usually assessed
After suspicion is raised by the PSA or an exam, the diagnosis is usually confirmed by biopsy. The tissue analysis produces a score (such as the Gleason score or grade group) that helps estimate how the tumor is likely to behave.
Imaging exams, such as prostate MRI and, in some cases, tests to check for spread, complete the picture. Together, this information helps classify the tumor as low, intermediate or high risk.
Active surveillance: when close monitoring is a choice
In low-risk tumors, it is possible to monitor the cancer closely with PSA, imaging and periodic biopsies, postponing or avoiding treatments and their side effects.
This strategy does not mean 'doing nothing': it is structured monitoring, with intervention if signs of progression appear. Many men remain safely on surveillance for years.
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Request a second opinionSurgery and radiotherapy: treatments with curative intent
Prostatectomy (removal of the prostate) and radiotherapy are the main options when the goal is to treat the tumor definitively. Both have good results in many cases, with different side-effect profiles.
Issues such as urinary control, sexual function and treatment convenience vary between techniques. The choice takes into account the tumor's risk, age, other health conditions and the person's preferences.
Why a second opinion helps
In prostate cancer there is often more than one reasonable path, and the decision involves balancing tumor control with quality of life. A second opinion helps confirm the tumor's risk and review whether all alternatives were considered.
Seeking another perspective is common and encouraged, especially when facing a surgical recommendation, doubts between surgery and radiotherapy, or concerns about side effects.
Frequently asked questions
Does every prostate cancer need surgery?
No. Many low-risk tumors can be followed with active surveillance, and radiotherapy is another alternative. The approach depends on the tumor's risk and each person's characteristics.
Is active surveillance dangerous?
When appropriately chosen, it is a safe and recognized strategy for low-risk tumors, with regular monitoring and the option to treat if progression occurs. The decision must be individualized.
How do I submit my case for a second opinion on Revidra?
You upload your exams, biopsy and reports to the Revidra platform and receive a structured written opinion from an independent specialist, who reviews your information and responds in an organized way.
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Request a second opinionEducational content, for informational purposes. It does not replace consultation, diagnosis or treatment with a physician, nor does it constitute a teleconsultation or emergency care.