Testicular cancer: diagnosis and treatment
Reviewed on July 17, 2026
Testicular cancer mainly affects young men and, although the diagnosis is frightening, it is important to know that it is among the tumors with the highest chances of cure, even at more advanced stages. Noticing a change early and seeking evaluation makes a difference. This article explains, in general and educational terms, how this tumor is usually diagnosed and treated, keeping in mind that every case is unique and deserves individual, multidisciplinary evaluation.
Warning signs and diagnosis
The most common sign is a painless lump or enlargement in the testicle, sometimes with a feeling of heaviness. Any persistent change deserves evaluation, without embarrassment.
The workup usually includes a scrotal ultrasound and blood tests with tumor markers. The definitive diagnosis generally involves surgical removal of the affected testicle, which is also the first step of treatment.
Staging and tumor types
After surgery, imaging exams and the evolution of the markers help define the stage — that is, whether the tumor is localized or has spread.
Tumors are classified into types (such as seminomas and non-seminomas), which influences the options for further treatment. This combination of information guides the next steps.
Still unsure about your case?
Send your exams and your case history and receive a structured, written opinion from an independent specialist physician.
Request a second opinionTreatment options after surgery
In many localized cases, close monitoring after surgery is enough. In others, chemotherapy or radiotherapy may be recommended, depending on the tumor type and stage.
Topics such as fertility deserve attention, and sperm banking can be discussed before certain treatments. Choices take into account the tumor type, stage and the person's preferences.
Why a second opinion helps
Even with good chances of cure, decisions after surgery — monitoring, chemotherapy or radiotherapy — can vary according to type and stage. A second opinion helps confirm the staging and review whether the proposed strategy is the most appropriate.
Seeking another perspective is common and encouraged, especially when there are doubts about the need for additional treatment and about preserving fertility.
Frequently asked questions
Is testicular cancer curable?
In most cases, yes. It is among the tumors with the highest chances of cure, even at more advanced stages, which reinforces the importance of seeking evaluation for any change.
Does treatment affect fertility?
Some treatments can affect fertility, so sperm banking is usually discussed beforehand. This is an important topic to discuss with the team on an individual basis.
How do I submit my case for a second opinion on Revidra?
You upload your exams, tumor markers and reports to the Revidra platform and receive a structured written opinion from an independent specialist, who reviews your history and organizes the considerations.
More on Oncologic Urology
See specialists in Oncologic Urology →Still unsure about your case?
Send your exams and your case history and receive a structured, written opinion from an independent specialist physician.
Request a second opinionEducational content, for informational purposes. It does not replace consultation, diagnosis or treatment with a physician, nor does it constitute a teleconsultation or emergency care.